ABSTRACT
This article reports a case of nevus trichilemmocysticus. The patient, a 48-year-old man, presented with multiple filiform keratoses and nodules. Physical examination identified multiple subcutaneous papules and nodules on the scalp, filiform keratoses on the face and bilateral ears, in addition to linear blackheads on trunk and limbs. The patient also exhibited hair loss and hypoplastic tooth. Histopathology revealed trichilemmal cyst. Nevus trichilemmocysticus is a rare organoid nevus. We reviewed literature in order to raise the awareness of the syndrome.
ABSTRACT
El tumor triquilemal proliferante es una dermatosis tumoral poco frecuente y derivada de la capa externa de la raíz del folículo piloso. Generalmente, es de características benignas, tiende a ser recidivante y se han reportado casos de transformaciones malignas en la bibliografía mundial. El caso trata de una paciente femenina de 59 años, con una neoformación exofítica nodular lobulada de crecimiento lento en piel cabelluda, de 5 años de evolución, con recidivas después de 3 cirugías. No se documentó compromiso óseo ni cerebral en los estudios de gabinete. La biopsia mostró proliferación de nidos de células escamosas en dermis, separados por bandas de tejido fibroso de la epidermis. El abordaje quirúrgico es el tratamiento de elección de esta patología.
Proliferating trichilemmal tumor is a rare cutaneous neoplasm originating from the outer root sheath of a hair follicle. It is usually benign, tends to recur and cases of malignant transformations have been reported in worldwide literature. Our case relates to a 59-year-old female with a slow-growth exophytic nodular lobulated tumor with a 5-year development and recurrences after 3 previous surgeries. Clinical imaging showed no skull or cerebral involvement. The biopsy showed proliferating squamous cell clusters in dermis separated by fibrous tissue in the epidermis. Surgical excision is the best choice of treatment for this disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Epidermal Cyst , Neoplasms , Pilomatrixoma , ScalpABSTRACT
A trichilemmal cyst is a skin adnexal tumor that usually occurs on the scalps of elderly women. We report a trichilemmal cyst in the submandibular area of a 16-year-old male, masquerading as a second branchial cleft cyst. During surgery, the mass was found to have invaded the submandibular gland and needed to be excised totally in continuity with the submandibular gland. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a trichilemmal cyst involving the submandibular gland. Although rare, a trichilemmal cyst may be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions in the submandibular area. It should also be differentiated from other cystic malignant tumors for its tendency to invade the surrounding structure.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Branchioma , Diagnosis, Differential , Scalp , Skin , Submandibular GlandABSTRACT
No abstract available.
ABSTRACT
A hybrid cyst is a rare condition which includes any type of cyst arising from the various parts of the pilosebaceous unit. We report a case of hybrid cyst with infundibular, isthmic, and pilomatrical differentiation. A 12-year-old boy presented with a mass on the right cheek. The physical examination revealed an oval-shaped, dark-gray protruding mass with dimensions of 0.9 cm × 0.6 cm that was non-tender to palpation. The mass was totally excised. The diagnosis of a hybrid cyst was confirmed by histological evaluation. It was a well-encapsulated mass and showed combined histologic features of infundibular, isthmus, and pilomatrical differentiation. The hybrid cyst is a follicular cyst that includes two or more components of a cystic lesion arising from the pilosebaceous unit. Occasionally, there have been reports of hybrid cysts consisting of two components in differentiation, but those showing more than two components of differentiation have been extremely rare. The pathogenesis of this unusual disease is not yet known.
Subject(s)
Cheek , Child , Epidermal Cyst/diagnosis , Epidermal Cyst/surgery , Follicular Cyst/diagnosis , Follicular Cyst/surgery , Humans , Male , Pilomatrixoma/diagnosis , Pilomatrixoma/surgeryABSTRACT
Trichilemmal cyst is a common, benign, cutaneous tumor, which originates from the external root sheath. It usually occurs on the scalp of middle-aged women. It is rarely found on the face, neck, trunk and extremities. A 33-year-old male presented with a tender, skin-colored, hyperkeratotic, subcutaneous nodule on the right sole for 6 months, without any history of trauma. We clinically diagnosed this skin lesion as a callus. The histopathologic examination showed a well demarcated cystic mass that is lined by a stratified squamous epithelium, without granular layers, and is filled with eosinophilic, amorphous, and homogeneous keratins. The patient was diagnosed with a trichilemmal cyst. Herein, we report a case of trichilemmal cyst of unusual predilection site.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Bony Callus , Eosinophils , Epithelium , Extremities , Keratins , Neck , Scalp , SkinABSTRACT
A 42-year-old Malay lady presented with a 2-year history of painless and progressive right upper lid swelling. There was no history of trauma or similar lesion elsewhere. An excisional biopsy of the mass was performed and the histopathological findings of the excised lesion were consistent with those for a trichilemmal cyst. Trichilemmal cyst, although rare should be considered in any case of eye lid lesion.
ABSTRACT
Trichilemmal cysts are cysts of epithelial origin with a distinctive keratinization pattern that simulates that of the human anagen hair follicle between bulge and sebaceous gland and in the sac surrounding catagen hairs. This type of keratinization of the outer root sheath epithelium occurs when it is freed from the internal cover of its inner root sheath. Over 90 percent of trichilemmal cysts occur on the scalp. The others are located on the face, neck and trunk. A 34-year-old female had a solitary, skin-colored nontender subcutaneous nodule on the 5th finger of her right hand. We clinically diagnosed this skin lesion as an epidermal cyst. However, histopathologic examination revealed a stratified squamous epithelium without a granular layer, which corresponded to trichilemmal keratinization. The contents of the cyst consisted ofa homogenous eosinophilic material. The cyst was diagnosed as a trichilemmal cyst.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Eosinophils , Epidermal Cyst , Epithelium , Fingers , Hair , Hair Follicle , Hand , Keratins , Neck , Scalp , Sebaceous Glands , SkinABSTRACT
Trichilemmal cyst is a benign tumor that originates from the external root sheath. It usually occurs on the scalp, but rarely on the face, neck and trunk. A 41-year-old man presented with a skin-colored non-tender subcutaneous nodule on his abdomen. The histopathologic findings of the lesion showed a well demarcated cystic mass with trichilemmal keratinization in the dermis. It was diagnosed as a trichilemmal cyst and then it was totally excised. We report here on a case of trichilemmal cyst on the abdomen, which is known to be an unusual site for this type of lesion.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Abdomen , Dermis , Keratins , Neck , ScalpABSTRACT
Epidermal nevi are harmatormas that are the result of developmental malformations of the epidermis, and these lesions present with a variety of clinical and histological characteristics. Some tumors can arise in epidermal nevi because epidermal nevi develop from multipotent germinative cells. We report here on a 57-year-old woman who had epidermal nevi arranged in a linear pattern since childhood. Her epidermal nevi were located in her left chest, arm and shoulder, upon which multiple trichillemal cysts seemed to develop after several years. We think that this patient with linear epidermal nevi associated with multiple trichilemmal cysts is a rare and distinctive case.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Arm , Epidermis , Nevus , Shoulder , ThoraxABSTRACT
Proliferating trichilemmal cyst is a rare benign tumor of external root sheath origin that usually occurs on the scalp of elderly women. It is rarely found on the face, neck, trunk and back. A 17 year-old man presented with a skin-colored, subcutaneous, tender nodule on the elbow with a history of bee sting. A histological examination revealed a well demarcated multilobular cystic mass characterized by trichilemmal keratinization in the dermis. The skin lesion was totally excised and recurrence has not been found. We present a case of proliferating trichilemmal cyst of unusual predilection site.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Bees , Bites and Stings , Dermis , Elbow , Keratins , Neck , Quaternary Ammonium Compounds , Recurrence , Scalp , SkinABSTRACT
Proliferating trichilemmal cyst(proliferating trchilemmal tumor, PTC) most commonly occurs in the scalp and is generally benign. Malignant transformation of PTC is rare, and the appearance of a spindle cell(sarcomatoid) carcinoma is extremely rare. The authors experienced a case of malignant proliferating trchilemmal tumor with spindle cell carcinoma on the scalp in a 41-year-old male. The tumor was widely resected and covered with split thickness skin graft after Terudermis(R) graft. Imaging studies and fine needle aspiration cytology showed no regional lymph node involvement or distant matastasis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Lymph Nodes , Scalp , Skin , TransplantsABSTRACT
The skin functions to eliminate foreign substances through the epidermis to epidermal surface; this process is called transepidermal elimination(TEE). TEE has been observed in various skin tumors. A 71-year-old woman presented with a well-circumscribed, red-brownish, subcutaneous nodule, 1.3x1.0 cm in size, located on the left thigh. The histopathologic finding of the lesion shows trichilemmal cyst with transepidermal elimination.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Epidermis , Skin , ThighABSTRACT
Proliferating trichilemmal cyst(PTC) is a rare benign neoplasm that is thought to be derived from the outer root sheath of anagen hair follicles differentiating toward the infundibular and matrical segments, sebaceous glands, apocrine glands, or acrosyringium. Clinically, it presents as a solitary elevated, lobulated mass on the scalp of elderly women. Histologically, it shows well demarcated multiple lobules of squamous epithelium. The center of the lobule undergoes abrupt keratinization without formation of keratohyalin and foci of calcification are often present in the areas of amorphous keratin. PTC can be associated with sebaceous nevus of Jadassohn, ectopic apocrine sweat glands, spindle cell carcinoma, etc. We report an unusual case of proliferating trichilemmal cyst with trichoepitheliomatous change in a young woman.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Apocrine Glands , Epithelium , Hair Follicle , Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn , Scalp , Sebaceous Glands , Sweat GlandsABSTRACT
We report a case of 4-year-old girl with erythematous papule and nodule on the right knee and left knee, respectively. Histopathologically, the findings of walls of the each cystic lesions were those of the epidermal cyst containing hair shafts of lanugo size on the right knee and the trichilemmal cyst on the left knee. The observation of hair shafts in a cystic cavity represents an important clue for identifying some unusual varieties of cystic lesions. We report a interesting case of epidermal cyst containing hair shafts and trichilemmal cyst simultaneously and independently occurred on the right knee and left knee, respectively.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Epidermal Cyst , Hair , KneeABSTRACT
Proliferating cutaneous epithelial cyst is classified into two subtypes, proliferating trichilemmal cyst and proliferating epidermoid cyst, depending on the mode of keratinization or the origin of the tumors. Proliferating epidermoid cyst is a subepidermal cystic tumor showing, at least in focal areas, a cystic wall lined by epithelium typically seen in epidermoid cyst. We report a case of proliferating epidermoid cyst in a 58-year old man who had a 3x4 cm sized egg shaped cystic tumor on the occipital area of the scalp. Histopathologic examination revealed the tumor was a large epidermoid cyst and a portion of epithelial proliferation projected from the cyst wall into the dermis. The epithelial proliferation was surrounded by paucicellular fibrous stroma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Dermis , Epidermal Cyst , Epithelium , Ovum , ScalpABSTRACT
Trichilemmal cyst is known to be a kind of keratinous cyst with lining cells showing trichilemmal keratinization. About 90% of trichilemmal cysts occur on the scalp. They are only rarely found on the face, neck and trunk. A 25-year-old man had a skin-colored nontender nodule on his left leg. Clinically, we were considered epidermal cyst. However, histopathologic examination showed that there was abrupt keratinization without granular layer, which was compatible with those of trichilemmal cyst.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Epidermal Cyst , Leg , Neck , ScalpABSTRACT
The proliferating trichilemmal cyst is a rare, usually benign tumor of external root sheath origin. About 90% of the cases gccur on the scalp, with the residual 10% occurring mainly on the back. More than 80% of the patients are women, most of whom are elderly. The cysts are commonly large, measuring up to 6 cm or more in diameter. A 33-year-old woman visited our department with a history of a matchhead- sized erythematous tender papule on her left knee that had been present for two years. A histopathological examination revealed a well-circumscribed, multilobulated cystic tumor with trichilemmal keratinization in the dermis. There were individual cell keratinization and focal calcification in some areas. This case was diagnosed as a proliferating trichilemmal cyst. This case was very unusual not only because the tumor occurred on the knee as a matchhead-sized papule but also because of her young age at presentation.